The activities of our group are in the broad area of heat and mass transfer, thermodynamics, and fluid dynamics. Our focus is on technologies for desalination of seawater and brackish water, remediation of various waste waters, and recycling of water, with increased energy efficiency and reduced environmental impact as core objectives. This work includes thermodynamic cycle analysis, transport processes in components, solar-energy driven systems, and both thermal and membrane separations.
Past activities in our lab have included thermal management of electronics, high heat flux engineering, thermal stress and deformation, thermal manufacturing processes, liquid jet impingement cooling, instrumentation, thermally stratified turbulent flow, and thermally driven instabilities.
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Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology , online 21 January 2019, 5 :585-598, 2019. (OPEN ACCESS )
J.H. Lienhard V, “Exterior shape factors from interior shape factors,” J. Heat Transfer , online 20 February 2019. (OPEN ACCESS )
J.H. Lienhard V, “Linearization of Non-gray Radiation Exchange: The Internal Fractional Function Reconsidered,” J. Heat Transfer , accepted for publication, 20 November 2018. (OPEN ACCESS )
S. Choi, B. Kim, K.G. Nayar, J. Yoon, S. Alhammadi, J.H. Lienhard V, J. Han, B. Al-Anzi, “Techno-economic Analysis of Ion Concentration Polarization Desalination for High Salinity Desalination Applications,” Water Research , online 25 February 2019, 155 :162-174, 15 May 2019. (free reprints )
A. Kumar, K.R. Phillips, J. Cai, U. Schröder, J.H. Lienhard V, “Integrated valorization of desalination brine via NaOH production: opportunities and challenges,” Angewandte Chemie Intl. Ed. , online 21 February 2019. (doi link)
A. Kumar, K.R. Phillips, G.P. Thiel, U. Schröder, and J.H. Lienhard V, “Direct electrosynthesis of sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid from brine streams,” Nature Catalysis , online 13 Feb. 2019, 2 :106–113, February 2019. (doi link ) (shareit )
K.G. Nayar, J. Fernandes, R.K. McGovern, B.S. Al-Anzi, J.H. Lienhard V, “Cost and energy needs of RO-ED crystallizer systems for zero brine discharge seawater desalination,” Desalination , online 8 February 2019, 457 :115-132, 1 May 2019. (doi link ) (free reprints ) (preprint)
K.G. Nayar, J. Fernandes, R.K. McGovern, K.P. Dominguez, A. McCance, B.S. Al-Anzi, J.H. Lienhard V, “Cost and energy requirements of hybrid RO and ED systems for salt production,” Desalination , online 29 January 2019, 456 :97-120, 15 April 2019. (doi link ) (free reprints ) (preprint)
Y. Roy and J.H. Lienhard V, “Factors contributing to the change in permeate quality upon temperature variation in nanofiltration,” Desalination , online 11 January 2019, 455 :58-79, 1 April 2019. (doi link ) (free reprints ) (preprint)
J.H. Lienhard V, “Energy efficiency, primary energy, and apples vs. oranges,” IDA Global Connections , Winter 2019 issue, pp. 31–33. International Desalination Association, Dec. 2018. (PDF)
Desalination Sustainability: A Technical, Socioeconomic, and Environmental Approach , Chpt. 4, H.A. Arafat, ed. Elsevier Publishing Co., 23 June 2017. (URL ) (preprint )
J.H. Lienhard V, G.P. Thiel, D.E.M. Warsinger, L.D. Banchik (eds.), Low Carbon Desalination: Status and Research, Development, and Demonstration Needs , Report of a workshop conducted at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in association with the Global Clean Water Desalination Alliance, MIT Abdul Latif Jameel World Water and Food Security Lab, Cambridge, Massachusetts, November 2016. (pdf) (About )
L.R. Glicksman and J.H. Lienhard V. Modeling and Approximation in Heat Transfer. Cambridge University Press, New York, 2016. (URL ) (About )
R.K. McGovern and J.H. Lienhard V, “On the potential of forward osmosis to energetically outperform reverse osmosis desalination,” J. Membrane Sci. , 469 :245-250, Nov. 2014. (doi link ) (preprint) Reverse osmosis is more energy efficient than [single feed stream] forward osmosis for seawater desalination
D. Cohen-Tanugi, R.K. McGovern, S. Dave, J.H. Lienhard V, and J.C. Grossman, “Quantifying the Potential of Ultra-permeable Desalination Membranes,” Energy Environ. Sci. , 7 (3):1134-1141, Feb. 2014. (doi link ) (preprint) High membrane permeability does not save substantial energy in single-pass RO, but it can reduce system size.
M. Sweetland, J.H. Lienhard V, and A.H. Slocum, “A Convection/Radiation Temperature Control System for High Power Density Electronic Device Testing,” ASME J. Electronic Packaging , 130 :0310123, 2008 (pdf) Jet arrays and fiber-optic lasers for IC temperature control.
C.H. Oh, J.H. Lienhard V, H.F. Younis, R.S. Dahbura, and D. Michels, “Liquid Jet-Array Cooling Modules for High Heat Fluxes,” AIChE Journal , 44 (4):769-779, 1998. (PDF file) Heat flux of 1.7 kW/cm2 by forced convection using liquid jet arrays.
S.K. Bhunia and J.H. Lienhard V, “Surface Disturbance Evolution and the Splattering of Turbulent Liquid Jets,” J. Fluids Engineering , 116: (4):721-727, 1994. (pdf) Discover the k-19/3 spectrum!
X. Liu and J.H. Lienhard V, “Extremely High Heat Fluxes Beneath Impinging Liquid Jets,” J. Heat Transfer , Vol.115, No.2, 1993, pp.472-476.Heat flux of ~40 kW/cm2 beneath a high speed impinging liquid jet.
Desalination , 356 :294-313, 15 January 2015. (doi link ) (preprint)
A.K. Plappally and J.H. Lienhard V, “Energy Requirements for Water Production, Treatment, End Use, Reclamation, and Discharge,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews , 16 (7):4818-4848, Sept. 2012. (doi link )
E.K. Summers, H.A. Arafat, and J.H. Lienhard V, “Energy efficiency comparison of single stage membrane distillation (MD) desalination cycles in different configurations,” Desalination , 290 :54-66, Feb. 2012. (doi link )
K.H. Mistry, R.K. McGovern, G.P. Thiel, E.K. Summers, S.M. Zubair, and J.H. Lienhard V, “Entropy generation analysis of desalination technologies,” Entropy , 13 (10):1829-1864, Sept. 2011 (pdf ). Received Best Paper Award
G.P. Narayan, M.H. Sharqawy, E.K. Summers, J.H. Lienhard V, S.M. Zubair, and M.A. Antar, “The potential of solar-driven humidification-dehumidification desalination for small-scale decentralized water production,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews , 14 (4):1187-1201, May 2010. (doi link ) (preprint )
M.H. Sharqawy, J.H. Lienhard V, and S.M. Zubair, “The thermophysical properties of seawater: A review of existing correlations and data,” Desalination and Water Treatment , 16 :354-380, April 2010. (pdf)
A.E. Bergles, J.H. Lienhard V, G.E. Kendall, and P. Griffith, “Boiling and Evaporation in Small Diameter Channels,” Heat Transfer Engineering , 24 (1):18-40, 2003. (pdf)
X. Liu and J.H. Lienhard V, “The Hydraulic Jump in Circular Liquid Jet Impingement and in Other Thin Films,” Expts. Fluids , 15 :108-116, 1993. (pdf)
X. Liu, J.H. Lienhard V, and J.S. Lombara, “Convective Heat Transfer by Impingement of Circular Liquid Jets,” J. Heat Transfer , 113 (3):571-582, 1991. (pdf)
J.H. Lienhard V and C.W. Van Atta, “The decay of turbulence in thermally stratified flow,” J. Fluid Mechanics, 210 :57-112, Jan. 1990. (pdf)